Comparing the Effectiveness of Task-Oriented Training and Traditional Physiotherapy on Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Abstract

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive neurological disorder affecting posture and movement, often leading to significant limitations in motor function and independence in children. Traditional physiotherapy has long been utilized to manage these deficits, yet its generalized and non-functional nature may not effectively translate into improvements in daily living. Emerging evidence supports task-oriented training (TOT) as a functionally driven alternative that leverages neuroplasticity through goal-directed, real-world activities. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of task-oriented training versus traditional physiotherapy in improving motor function and functional abilities in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 40 children aged 4–10 years diagnosed with CP. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either task-oriented training or traditional physiotherapy over a 12-week period. Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were used to assess outcomes before and after the intervention. Paired and independent t-tests were performed using SPSS version 25, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The TOT group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in GMFM scores (mean change: 25.1 ± 3.5) and PEDI scores (mean change: 23.3 ± 4.4) compared to the traditional group (GMFM: 15.7 ± 3.2; PEDI: 10.7 ± 3.9; p < 0.001). Effect sizes were large and clinically meaningful. Conclusion: Task-oriented training is superior to traditional physiotherapy in enhancing both motor performance and daily functional abilities in children with CP, supporting its integration into pediatric rehabilitation protocols.