Prevalence of Functional Disabilities Due to Low Back Pain Among Hospital Receptionists

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, with significant functional and occupational consequences. Hospital receptionists, who work long sedentary shifts in fixed postures, are at heightened risk of developing LBP-related disabilities. Despite the substantial occupational burden, limited evidence exists regarding the prevalence of functional impairment in this workforce in Pakistan. Objective: To determine the prevalence of functional disability due to LBP among hospital receptionists in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, and to identify demographic and occupational factors associated with greater disability. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 500 hospital receptionists aged 21–41 years between November 2021 and April 2022. Participants with LBP were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Demographic and occupational variables were collected, and data were analyzed with chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression using SPSS v21. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Results: Of 500 participants, 335 (67.0%) reported LBP. Among them, 36.7% had minimal disability, 47.5% moderate disability, 14.9% severe disability, and 0.9% were crippled. Female gender (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.03–1.98, p = 0.032) and government employment (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.07–2.17, p = 0.021) were significant predictors of moderate-to-severe disability. Conclusion: Functional disability due to LBP is highly prevalent among hospital receptionists, with women and government employees disproportionately affected. Targeted ergonomic interventions and occupational health measures are urgently needed to mitigate disability and improve workforce well-being.