Assessment of Knowledge Among Cardiac Nurses Regarding Patient Safety Post-Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality globally, with cardiac catheterization serving as a critical diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Despite its widespread use, post-procedural complications can significantly impact patient outcomes if not promptly identified and managed. A research gap exists in understanding the preparedness of nursing staff in ensuring patient safety post-catheterization, especially in low- and middle-income settings. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of registered cardiac nurses regarding patient safety following cardiac catheterization, focusing on complication recognition, monitoring protocols, and preventive care practices, with the goal of identifying gaps and informing educational interventions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Peshawar Institute of Cardiology involving 152 registered nurses selected through convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria encompassed active cardiac care nurses, while those not involved in direct post-catheterization care were excluded. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire comprising 19 knowledge-based items. Ethical approval was granted by the institutional board in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine associations between knowledge levels and demographic variables. Results: The mean age of participants was 29.34 years; 75.7% were male. Of the total, 82% demonstrated satisfactory knowledge. Correct response rates were highest for head positioning (90.1%) and complication awareness (90.1%), while the lowest were for pseudoaneurysm detection (21.1%) and renal complication identification (27.0%). Statistically significant associations were observed between knowledge level and specialized training (p < 0.001), as well as certification (p < 0.001), while gender differences were not significant (p = 0.148). Conclusion: While overall nurse knowledge was satisfactory, critical deficits in detecting vascular and renal complications persist. Targeted training, role-based certification, and continuous professional development are essential to improving patient safety post-cardiac catheterization. These findings emphasize the need for systemic competency reinforcement to enhance cardiovascular care outcomes.