Correlation of Doppler Ultrasound Resistive Index in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Prostate Volume, Urinary Tract Obstruction, and Urinary Bladder Wall Thickness in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
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Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in older men, and diabetes mellitus may worsen urinary dysfunction through metabolic, microvascular, and autonomic mechanisms. Doppler ultrasound resistive index may provide additional information regarding prostatic vascular resistance beyond conventional sonographic measurements. Objective: To compare Doppler ultrasound resistive index, prostate volume, bladder wall thickness, and urine volume parameters between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 100 male patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, comprising 53 diabetic and 47 non-diabetic patients. Transabdominal ultrasound was used to measure prostate volume, bladder wall thickness, pre-void urine volume, and post-void residual urine volume, while Doppler ultrasound was used to assess prostatic arterial resistive index. Group comparisons were performed using independent samples t-tests, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Diabetic patients had higher prostate volume than non-diabetic patients (46.24 ± 8.24 ml vs. 37.06 ± 7.75 ml; p < 0.001), greater bladder wall thickness (6.39 ± 0.95 mm vs. 4.80 ± 0.88 mm; p < 0.001), higher pre-void urine volume (337.44 ± 74.04 ml vs. 311.17 ± 50.99 ml; p = 0.044), higher post-void residual urine volume (98.21 ± 34.79 ml vs. 59.96 ± 23.18 ml; p < 0.001), and higher prostatic arterial resistive index (0.751 ± 0.048 vs. 0.687 ± 0.050; p < 0.001). Age did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia demonstrated greater prostate enlargement, bladder wall thickening, residual urine burden, and prostatic vascular resistance than non-diabetic patients. Doppler resistive index may serve as an adjunctive non-invasive parameter in the sonographic evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia, particularly among diabetic patients.
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