Knowledge Assessment Regarding Pure Tone Audiometry Interpretation Among Speech-Language Pathology/Therapy Professionals

Main Article Content

Sana Ali
Anum Ashraf
Ruqqia Bano

Abstract

Background: Pure tone audiometry is a fundamental clinical tool for identifying hearing thresholds and classifying hearing-loss severity, but its effective use in rehabilitation requires professionals to interpret both audiometric severity and its functional implications for speech perception and therapy planning. Objective: This study aimed to assess knowledge regarding pure tone audiometry interpretation among speech-language pathology/therapy professionals, with specific focus on hearing-loss severity identification, speech sound deficiency identification, and therapy-needs recognition. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 58 speech-language pathology/therapy professionals. Data were collected using a structured knowledge assessment form covering four hearing-loss categories: mild, moderate, severe, and profound hearing loss. Correct responses were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages across three knowledge domains. Results: Most participants were female 47 (81.0%), aged 20–30 years 47 (81.0%) and working in school settings 49 (84.5%). Domain-wise performance was highest for therapy needs identification, with 201/232 correct responses (86.6%), followed by severity identification with 172/232 correct responses (74.1%). Speech sound deficiency identification was weakest, with only 68/232 correct responses (29.3%). The overall knowledge score was 441/696 (63.4%). Conclusion: Participants demonstrated reasonable knowledge of therapy needs and severity classification but had substantial difficulty identifying speech sound deficiencies associated with hearing-loss categories. Targeted training is needed to improve functional audiogram interpretation and strengthen clinically applied decision-making.

Article Details

Section

Articles

How to Cite

1.
Sana Ali, Anum Ashraf, Ruqqia Bano. Knowledge Assessment Regarding Pure Tone Audiometry Interpretation Among Speech-Language Pathology/Therapy Professionals. JHWCR [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1 [cited 2026 Jun. 1];4(11):1-10. Available from: https://jhwcr.com/index.php/jhwcr/article/view/1677

References

1. Benfer KA, Weir KA, Bell KL, Ware RS, Davies PSW, Boyd RN. Oropharyngeal dysphagia and cerebral palsy. Pediatrics. 2017;140(6):e20170731.

2. DeFabrizio ME, Rajappa A. Contemporary approaches to dysphagia management. J Nurse Pract. 2010;6(8):622-30.

3. Dusick A. Investigation and management of dysphagia. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2003.

4. Gallegos C, Brito-de la Fuente E, Clavé P, Costa A, Assegehegn G. Nutritional aspects of dysphagia management. Adv Food Nutr Res. 2017;81:271-318.

5. Gulati S, Sondhi V. Cerebral palsy: an overview. Indian J Pediatr. 2018;85(11):1006-16.

6. Lawlor CM, Choi S. Diagnosis and management of pediatric dysphagia: a review. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;146(2):183-91.

7. Leslie P, Carding PN, Wilson JA. Investigation and management of chronic dysphagia. BMJ. 2003;326(7386):433-6.

8. Novak I. Evidence-based diagnosis, health care, and rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy. J Child Neurol. 2014;29(8):1141-56.

9. Propp R, et al. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for children with dysphagia: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(3):e055124.

10. Rogers B, Arvedson J, Buck G, Smart P, Msall M. Characteristics of dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy. Dysphagia. 1994;9(1):69-73.

11. Sura L, Madhavan A, Carnaby G, Crary MA. Dysphagia in the elderly: management and nutritional considerations. Clin Interv Aging. 2012;7:287-98.

12. Triggs J, Pandolfino J. Recent advances in dysphagia management. F1000Res. 2019;8:F1000 Faculty Rev-1527.

13. Wilkinson JM, Codipilly DC, Wilfahrt RP. Dysphagia: evaluation and collaborative management. Am Fam Physician. 2021;103(2):97-106.

14. Dumbrill GC. Parental experience of child protection intervention: a qualitative study. Child Abuse Negl. 2006;30(1):27-37.

15. Baqays AA. Parent-reported outcomes tool for evaluating swallowing dysfunction in otherwise healthy infants and toddlers: development and validation. 2020.

16. Le Roux R. Caregivers’ perceptions of caregiver burden, quality of life and support needs in caring for a child with cerebral palsy with feeding and/or swallowing difficulties within the context of the Western Cape, South Africa. 2023.

17. Tutor JD, Gosa MM. Dysphagia and aspiration in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012;47(4):321-37.

18. González-Fernández M, Huckabee ML, Roentgen SH, Imamate Y, Kagyu H, Suiter E. Dysphagia rehabilitation: similarities and differences in three areas of the world. Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2013;1:296-306.

19. Kamal RM, Ward E, Cornwell P. Dysphagia training for speech-language pathologists: implications for clinical practice. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012;14(6):569-76.

20. Dailey MK. Dysphagia practice patterns of Virginia speech-language pathologists. 2019.

21. Ramkishun A, Faur M, Namasivayam-MacDonald A. A first-person account of caring for a parent with dysphagia. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2024;33(6):2698-715.

22. Duncan DR, Cohen A, Du M, Ankara A, Caracara A, Larson K, et al. A prospective study of parental experience with thickening feeds for children with oropharyngeal dysphagia and gastroesophageal reflux. J Pediatr. 2023;260:113510.

23. Silva CSRD, Palladio RRR, Machado FP, Balanchine EMG. Emotional aspects of parents of children with dysphagia. ABCS Health Sci. 2023;e023303.

24. Follett AM, Rumbas AF, Ward EC, Marshall J, Dodrill P, Lewindon P. Dysphagia and feeding difficulties post-pediatric ingestion injury: perspectives of the primary caregiver. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2017;103:20-8.

25. Carpenter A, Morgan S, Harding C. A service evaluation of parent adherence with dysphagia management therapy guidelines: reports from family carers supporting children with complex needs. Disabil Rehabil. 2020;42(3):426-33.

26. Wallace V, Honkalampi K, Korhonen M. Fear, isolation and the importance of support: a qualitative study of parents’ experiences of feeding a child born with esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022;67:e9-e15.

27. Kingsnorth S, Gall C, Beayni S, Rigby P. Parents as transition experts? Qualitative findings from a pilot parent-led peer support group. Child Care Health Dev. 2011;37(6):833-40.

28. Hjälmhult E, Glavin K, Leland T, Trondsen S. Parental groups during the child’s first year: an interview study of parents’ experiences. J Clin Nurs. 2014;23(19-20):2980-9.

29. Bushuven S, Niebel I, Huber J, Diesener P. Emotional and psychological effects of dysphagia: validation of the Jugendwerk Dysphagia Emotion and Family Assessment. Dysphagia. 2022;1-17.

30. Stewart A, Smith CH, Govender R, Eaton S, De Coppi P, Wray J. Parents’ experiences of feeding children born with esophageal atresia/tracheo-oesophageal fistula. J Pediatr Surg. 2022;57(12):792-9.