Exploring Factors Influencing In Patient Outcomes In ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
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Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction remains a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings, where delayed presentation and limited access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention may increase early complication risk. Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of adverse in-hospital clinical outcomes among patients admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 163 patients aged 40–80 years admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from June to December 2023. Patients with recurrent myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, or unstable angina were excluded. Participants were followed until discharge, and arrhythmic, mechanical, and pump-failure complications were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19, with categorical variables reported as frequencies and percentages. Results: Mean age was 62.00 ± 10.88 years, and 99 patients (60.7%) were male. Overall, 23 patients (14.1%; 95% CI, 9.6–20.3) developed adverse in-hospital outcomes. Arrhythmic complications occurred in 11 patients (6.7%), with ventricular tachycardia being the most common individual event (2.5%). Left ventricular failure and cardiogenic shock each occurred in 1.8% of patients. Conclusion: Adverse in-hospital outcomes occurred in approximately one in seven STEMI patients, with arrhythmic complications slightly predominating.
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