A Cross-Sectional Study on Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding CLABSI Prevention in South Punjab
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Abstract
Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, particularly in critical care settings, where adherence to evidence-based prevention practices remains inconsistent. Nurses play a key role in CLABSI prevention; however, gaps in knowledge and practice may compromise patient safety. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge and self-reported practices regarding CLABSI prevention and examine the relationship between knowledge and practice in tertiary care hospitals of South Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 nurses selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practices. Knowledge was scored based on correct responses, while practice was assessed using a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, employing descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests and odds ratios. Results: Nurses demonstrated moderate knowledge (mean score 4.6 ± 1.8), with highest correct responses for catheter site dressing (54.4%) and antiseptic-coated catheters (48.8%), while major gaps were observed in IV set replacement (18.8%). Practice adherence was inconsistent, with 46.3% reporting regular hand hygiene and 35.0% consistent chlorhexidine use. A significant association was found between knowledge and practice (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.15–3.05, p=0.009). Conclusion: Nurses exhibited moderate knowledge but inconsistent practices, indicating a gap between knowledge and clinical implementation; targeted training, supervision, and institutional support are essential to improve adherence and enhance patient safety.
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