Effect of Collagen Peptide Supplementation on Cartilage Degradation Biomarkers in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage breakdown and functional impairment, with limited therapies targeting structural progression. Objective: To evaluate the effect of collagen peptide supplementation on cartilage degradation biomarkers and clinical outcomes in knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 80 patients with Kellgren–Lawrence grade II–III knee osteoarthritis. Participants were assigned to receive either collagen peptides (10 g daily) or placebo for 24 weeks alongside standard care. The primary outcome was change in urinary CTX-II levels, while secondary outcomes included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain and WOMAC scores. Statistical analysis included between-group comparisons, effect sizes, and confidence intervals. Results: Seventy-three patients completed the study. The collagen group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in CTX-II (−85.2 vs −18.7 ng/mmol; p<0.001; d=2.21), along with greater improvements in VAS (−2.7 vs −1.2) and WOMAC scores (−18.4 vs −7.9) compared with placebo. Secondary biomarker analysis showed a modest reduction in COMP levels. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Collagen peptide supplementation significantly reduced cartilage degradation markers and improved clinical outcomes, suggesting potential structural and symptomatic benefits in knee osteoarthritis.
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