Perception of Physical Activity Guidelines Among University Students and Its Role in Preventing Musculoskeletal Disorders

Abstract

Background: Sedentary lifestyles and low adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines have led to an increase in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among university students. Despite general awareness of exercise benefits, the specific impact of guidelines on preventing regional pain remains unclear. Objective: To assess the perception and knowledge of physical activity guidelines among university students and evaluate their role in preventing musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 171 students (aged 18–30) at the University of Lahore. Data were collected using the IPAQ-SF (physical activity), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (pain prevalence), and the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (perception). Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests for associations and Pearson correlation for continuous variables. Results: Moderate physical activity was reported by 59.6% of students, yet MSD prevalence was high in the shoulders (54.4%), lower back (49.1%), and neck (47.4%). No significant association was found between PA category and MSD presence (p = 0.226). However, a weak significant negative correlation existed between total MET-minutes and the number of affected body regions (r = -0.163, p = 0.033). Conclusion: High rates of musculoskeletal pain persist despite moderate activity levels and positive exercise perceptions. The findings suggest that general activity is insufficient without adherence to specific intensity guidelines and ergonomic corrections to mitigate sedentary strain