Prevalence and Clinical Presentation of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Young Women Attending the Gynecology Outpatient Department
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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder in young women, necessitating early detection to prevent long-term reproductive and metabolic complications. Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and delineate the clinical and metabolic features of PCOS in young women aged 15–24 years attending a gynecology outpatient department and to compare the findings with current international trends. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using hospital records and a structured survey for 312 eligible young women in a tertiary hospital's gynecology OPD over one year (2023). Diagnosis was based on the 2018 International Evidence-Based Guideline, adjusted for adolescent-specific criteria (1, 8). Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and odds ratios were used, with a significance level set at. Results: The prevalence of PCOS was, aligning with the upper range of global estimates. The most common features were oligo-anovulation, clinical hyperandrogenism, and acne. Insulin resistance was found in of PCOS cases, rising significantly to in the overweight/obese subgroup. Sedentary lifestyle was also significantly associated with PCOS. Conclusion: PCOS is highly prevalent in young women seeking gynecology care, presenting with a clinical and metabolic profile comparable to international findings. The high rates of insulin resistance, particularly in overweight/obese subjects, underscore the necessity of early metabolic screening and the implementation of comprehensive lifestyle intervention programs.
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