Pelvic Stabilization Versus PNF for Pain, Disability, and Leg Length in Anterior Innominate Iliosacral Dysfunction

Abstract

Background: Anterior innominate iliosacral dysfunction is a biomechanical condition of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) associated with altered pelvic alignment, localized pain, and functional disability. While various manual therapy and stabilization strategies are employed to address SIJ dysfunction, the comparative effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) versus pelvic stabilization exercises remains unclear. Objective: To compare the effects of PNF and pelvic stabilization exercises on pain intensity, functional disability, and functional leg length in patients with anterior innominate iliosacral dysfunction. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Sehat Medical Complex, Lahore, enrolling 22 participants aged 25–45 years, clinically diagnosed with anterior innominate dysfunction based on provocation and special tests. Participants were randomized into two groups: PNF (n=11) and pelvic stabilization (n=11). Interventions were administered over 8 weeks. Pain was measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), disability via the Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI), and leg length by tape measurement. Repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-tests were used for within- and between-group comparisons. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in NPRS and MODI scores (p<0.001); however, the PNF group exhibited greater reductions in pain (ΔNPRS = -2.54, p><0.001, d=1.95) and disability (ΔMODI = -56.41%, p><0.001, d=1.84). No significant changes were observed in functional leg length in either group (p>0.05). Conclusion: PNF was more effective than pelvic stabilization in reducing pain and disability in patients with anterior innominate iliosacral dysfunction, supporting its use as a primary intervention in clinical rehabilitation protocols.